Supervision and feedback for junior medical staff in Australian emergency departments: findings from the emergency medicine capacity assessment study

Abstract Background Clinical supervision and feedback are important for the development of competency in junior doctors.This study aimed to determine the adequacy of supervision of junior medical staff in Australian emergency departments (EDs) and perceived feedback provided.Methods Semi-structured telephone surveys sought quantitative and qualitat

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Targeting IGF1/IGF1r signaling relieve pain and autophagic dysfunction in NTG-induced chronic migraine model of mice

Abstract Background Chronic migraine is a severe and common neurological disorder, yet its precise physiological mechanisms remain unclear.The IGF1/IGF1r signaling pathway plays a crucial role in pain modulation.Studies have shown that IGF1, by binding to its receptor IGF1r, activates a series of downstream signaling cascades involved in neuronal s

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